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Natalizumab and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: what are the causal factors and can it be avoided?Warnke C; Menge T; Hartung HP; Racke MK; Cravens PD; Bennett JL; Frohman EM; Greenberg BM; Zamvil SS; Gold R; Hemmer B; Kieseier BC; Stuve OArch Neurol 2010[Aug]; 67 (8): 923-30Natalizumab (Tysabri) was the first monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). After its initial approval, 3 patients undergoing natalizumab therapy in combination with other immunoregulatory and immunosuppressive agents were diagnosed with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). The agent was later reapproved and its use restricted to monotherapy in patients with relapsing forms of MS. Since reapproval in 2006, additional cases of PML were reported in patients with MS receiving natalizumab monotherapy. Thus, there is currently no convincing evidence that natalizumab-associated PML is restricted to combination therapy with other disease-modifying or immunosuppressive agents. In addition, recent data indicate that risk of PML might increase beyond 24 months of treatment.|Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized[MESH]|Antibodies, Monoclonal/*therapeutic use[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Immunotherapy/methods[MESH]|Integrin alpha4beta1/immunology[MESH]|Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/*drug therapy/*immunology[MESH]|Natalizumab[MESH] |
