Warning: Undefined variable $zfal in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 530
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 531
English Wikipedia
Nephropedia Template TP (
Twit Text
DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing |
lüll (111)In-Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-human epidermal growth factor Chopra AMolecular Imaging and Contrast Agent Database (MICAD)-/-ä 2004[]; ä (ä): äRadioimmunotherapy is an attractive choice for the treatment of lymphomas because antibodies directed against specific tumor cell targets can be linked to radionuclides such as iodine ((131)I), yttrium ((90)Y), etc., for the lethal irradiation of cancer cells (1). The main advantage of these agents is the ability of the emitted beta-particles, because of their long path lengths, to provide therapeutic doses that are evenly distributed to cells in the tumor and affect even the surrounding cancerous cells that do not bind the radiolabeled antibody (2). Radioimmunotherapy with beta-emitters has shown some success in the treatment of lymphomas, but the long circulation time and high dose of the labeled antibodies resulted in the development of dose-limiting, nonspecific myelotoxicity in some patients (3). In contrast, the short-range, Auger electron-emitting radionuclides such as iodine ((125)I) and indium ((111)In) are radiotoxic to cells only after internalization because they cause cellular DNA fragmentation that leads to cell death (4). Reilly et al. envisioned that Auger electron emitters could be used to target cancerous cells after conjugation to internalized antibodies, and the radiopharmaceutical would potentially show little or no toxicity to the bone marrow cells (5). The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates biological activity through an intracellular tyrosine kinase-signaling pathway. It is known to be overexpressed in a variety of human malignancies, and the degree of EGFR expression often indicates the clinical prognosis for the patient because individuals with higher levels of EGFR were shown to have a poor survival rate (6). Blocking EGFR activity appears to be an effective approach for the treatment of cancers, and a variety of agents, including monoclonal antibodies (MAb), have been developed for this purpose (7). The EGFR is particularly a target for the treatment of breast cancer because it is present in most estrogen receptor-negative and hormone-resistant forms of the neoplastic condition (8). In an effort to develop an alternate treatment, a radiopharmaceutical was developed by derivatizing human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) with diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) and conjugating it with (111)In to obtain (111)In-DTPA-hEGF (9-16). The labeled hEGF was then evaluated in vitro and in vivo for imaging and possible treatment of hormone-resistant breast cancer in a mouse model (9-16).ä |