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lüll Membrane budding and scission by the ESCRT machinery: it s all in the neck Hurley JH; Hanson PINat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2010[Aug]; 11 (8): 556-66The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs) catalyse one of the most unusual membrane remodelling events in cell biology. ESCRT-I and ESCRT-II direct membrane budding away from the cytosol by stabilizing bud necks without coating the buds and without being consumed in the buds. ESCRT-III cleaves the bud necks from their cytosolic faces. ESCRT-III-mediated membrane neck cleavage is crucial for many processes, including the biogenesis of multivesicular bodies, viral budding, cytokinesis and, probably, autophagy. Recent studies of ultrastructures induced by ESCRT-III overexpression in cells and the in vitro reconstitution of the budding and scission reactions have led to breakthroughs in understanding these remarkable membrane reactions.|Animals[MESH]|Autophagy[MESH]|Cell Membrane/metabolism/ultrastructure[MESH]|Cytokinesis[MESH]|Cytosol/metabolism[MESH]|Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/chemistry/*metabolism/ultrastructure[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Models, Biological[MESH]|Models, Molecular[MESH]|Multivesicular Bodies/*metabolism/ultrastructure[MESH]|Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism/ultrastructure[MESH]|Virus Release[MESH] |