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Flavivirus encephalitis: pathological aspects of mouse and other animal models Kimura T; Sasaki M; Okumura M; Kim E; Sawa HVet Pathol 2010[Sep]; 47 (5): 806-18Encephalitic flaviviruses are important arthropod-borne pathogens of humans and other animals. In particular, the recent emergence of the West Nile virus (WNV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in new geographic areas has caused a considerable public health alert and international concern. Among the experimental in vivo models of WNV and JEV infection, mice and other laboratory rodents are the most thoroughly studied and well-characterized systems, having provided data that are important for understanding the infectious process in humans. Macaca monkeys have also been used as a model for WNV and JEV infection, mainly for the evaluation of vaccine efficacy, although a limited number of published studies have addressed pathomorphology. These animal models demonstrate the development of encephalitis with many similarities to the human disease; however, the histological events that occur during infection, especially in peripheral tissues, have not been fully characterized.|Animals[MESH]|Disease Models, Animal[MESH]|Encephalitis Virus, Japanese/*immunology[MESH]|Encephalitis, Japanese/*immunology/pathology/virology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|West Nile Fever/*immunology/pathology[MESH]|West Nile virus/*immunology[MESH] |
