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lüll How specificity for self-peptides shapes the development and function of regulatory T cells Simons DM; Picca CC; Oh S; Perng OA; Aitken M; Erikson J; Caton AJJ Leukoc Biol 2010[Dec]; 88 (6): 1099-107The cataclysmic disease that develops in mice and humans lacking CD4+ T cells expressing the transcription factor Foxp3 has provided abundant evidence that Foxp3+CD4+ Tregs are required to suppress a latent autoreactivity of the immune system. There is also evidence for the existence of tissue-specific Tregs that can act to suppress regional autoimmune responses, suggesting that Tregs exert their effects, in part, through responding to self-peptides. However, how the immune system generates a repertoire of Tregs that is designed to recognize and direct regulatory function to self-peptides is incompletely understood. This review describes studies aimed at determining how T cell recognition of self-peptide(s) directs Treg formation in the thymus, including discussion of a modified "avidity" model of thymocyte development. Studies aimed at determining how TCR specificity contributes to the ability of Tregs to suppress autoimmune diseases are also discussed.|Animals[MESH]|Autoantigens/*immunology[MESH]|Autoimmune Diseases/etiology/immunology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/physiology[MESH]|T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/*physiology[MESH]|Thymus Gland/physiology[MESH] |