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Meta-analysis of the acute effects of nicotine and smoking on human performance Heishman SJ; Kleykamp BA; Singleton EGPsychopharmacology (Berl) 2010[Jul]; 210 (4): 453-69RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE: Empirical studies indicate that nicotine enhances some aspects of attention and cognition, suggesting a role in the maintenance of tobacco dependence. The purpose of this review was to update the literature since our previous review (Heishman et al. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2:345-395, 1994) and to determine which aspects of human performance were most sensitive to the effects of nicotine and smoking. METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis on the outcome measures of 41 double-blind, placebo-controlled laboratory studies published from 1994 to 2008. In all studies, nicotine was administered, and performance was assessed in healthy adult nonsmokers or smokers who were not tobacco-deprived or minimally deprived (|Attention/drug effects[MESH]|Dose-Response Relationship, Drug[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Memory/drug effects[MESH]|Motor Skills/drug effects[MESH]|Nicotine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology[MESH]|Psychomotor Performance/*drug effects[MESH]|Smoking/*psychology[MESH] |
