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lüll Got calcium? Welcome to the calcium-alkali syndrome Patel AM; Goldfarb SJ Am Soc Nephrol 2010[Sep]; 21 (9): 1440-3We recommend changing the name of the milk-alkali syndrome to the calcium-alkali syndrome, because the new terminology better reflects the shifting epidemiology and understanding of this disorder. The calcium-alkali syndrome is now the third most common cause of hospital admission for hypercalcemia, and those at greatest risk are postmenopausal or pregnant women. The incidence of the calcium-alkali syndrome is growing in large part as a result of the widespread use of over-the-counter calcium and vitamin D supplements. Advertising for treatment or prevention of osteoporosis has long encouraged this use. Intricate mechanisms mediating the calcium-alkali syndrome depend on interplay among intestine, kidney, and bone. New insights regarding its pathogenesis focus on the key role of calcium-sensing receptors and TRPV5 channels in the modulation of renal calcium excretion. Restoring extracellular blood volume, increasing GFR and calcium excretion, and discontinuing calcium supplementation provide best treatment.|Calcium, Dietary/administration & dosage[MESH]|Calcium/metabolism[MESH]|Dietary Supplements[MESH]|Female[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Hypercalcemia/*etiology[MESH]|Kidney/metabolism[MESH]|Pregnancy[MESH] |