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lüll T cell intrinsic roles of autophagy in promoting adaptive immunity Walsh CM; Bell BDCurr Opin Immunol 2010[Jun]; 22 (3): 321-5Autophagy, an ancient cellular response where autophagic vacuoles are formed within the cytosol, is induced in response to a variety of cellular insults, including growth factor or nutrient withdrawal, organelle damage, and misfolded proteins. Autophagy is rapidly induced in T lymphocytes following antigenic stimulation and blockade of autophagic signaling greatly reduces T cell clonal expansion, suggesting that autophagy is primarily involved in promoting T cell survival. In contrast, a recently identified negative feedback loop involving FADD and caspase-8 limits the level of autophagy in T cells. Failure to activate caspase-8 during T cell mitogenesis leads to hyperactive autophagy and cellular death through a programmed necrotic mechanism. These findings suggest that crosstalk between these cellular processes is essential for T cell activation and homeostasis.|*T-Lymphocytes/cytology/immunology[MESH]|Adaptive Immunity/*immunology[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Apoptosis[MESH]|Autophagy/*immunology[MESH]|Caspase 8/metabolism[MESH]|Fas-Associated Death Domain Protein/metabolism[MESH]|Homeostasis[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Lymphocyte Activation/*immunology[MESH]|Signal Transduction[MESH] |