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The pathogenesis of murine coronavirus infection of the central nervous system Lane TE; Hosking MPCrit Rev Immunol 2010[]; 30 (2): 119-30Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) is a positive-strand RNA virus that causes an acute encephalomyelitis that later resolves into a chronic fulminating demyelinating disease. Cytokine production, chemokine secretion, and immune cell infiltration into the central nervous system are critical to control viral replication during acute infection. Despite potent antiviral T-lymphocyte activity, sterile immunity is not achieved, and MHV chronically persists within oligodendrocytes. Continued infiltration and activation of the immune system, a result of the lingering viral antigen and RNA within oligodendrocytes, lead directly to the development of an immune-mediated demyelination that bears remarkable similarities, both clinically and histologically, to the human demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis. MHV offers a unique model system for studying host defense during acute viral infection and immune-mediated demyelination during chronic infection.|Animals[MESH]|Central Nervous System Viral Diseases/*immunology/pathology/*virology[MESH]|Coronavirus Infections/*immunology/*virology[MESH]|Host-Pathogen Interactions[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Multiple Sclerosis/pathology[MESH]|Murine hepatitis virus/*immunology/*pathogenicity[MESH] |
