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lüll Re-valuing the amygdala Morrison SE; Salzman CDCurr Opin Neurobiol 2010[Apr]; 20 (2): 221-30Recent advances indicate that the amygdala represents valence: a general appetitive/aversive affective characteristic that bears similarity to the neuroeconomic concept of value. Neurophysiological studies show that individual amygdala neurons respond differentially to a range of stimuli with positive or negative affective significance. Meanwhile, increasingly specific lesion/inactivation studies reveal that the amygdala is necessary for processes--for example, fear extinction and reinforcer devaluation--that involve updating representations of value. Furthermore, recent neuroimaging studies suggest that the human amygdala mediates performance on many reward-based decision-making tasks. The encoding of affective significance by the amygdala might be best described as a representation of state value-a representation that is useful for coordinating physiological, behavioral, and cognitive responses in an affective/emotional context.|Affect/*physiology[MESH]|Amygdala/anatomy & histology/*physiology[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Cognition/*physiology[MESH]|Decision Making/physiology[MESH]|Emotions/*physiology[MESH]|Fear/physiology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Judgment/*physiology[MESH]|Models, Animal[MESH]|Motivation[MESH]|Reward[MESH] |