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lüll Regulation of antigen presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a role for Toll-like receptors Harding CV; Boom WHNat Rev Microbiol 2010[Apr]; 8 (4): 296-307Mycobacterium tuberculosis survives in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells. APCs present antigens in association with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules to stimulate CD4(+) T cells, and this process is essential to contain M. tuberculosis infection. Immune evasion allows M. tuberculosis to establish persistent or latent infection in macrophages and results in Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-dependent inhibition of MHC class II transactivator expression, MHC class II molecule expression and antigen presentation. This reduction of antigen presentation might reflect a general mechanism of negative-feedback regulation that prevents excessive T cell-mediated inflammation and that M. tuberculosis has subverted to create a niche for survival in infected macrophages and evasion of recognition by CD4(+) T cells.|*Antigen Presentation[MESH]|Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology[MESH]|Antigens, Bacterial/isolation & purification[MESH]|Genes, MHC Class II[MESH]|Interferon-gamma/metabolism[MESH]|Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics/*immunology/metabolism[MESH]|T-Lymphocytes/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Toll-Like Receptors/*metabolism[MESH] |