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lüll T-cell based immunotherapy in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis O'Brien K; Gran B; Rostami AImmunotherapy 2010[Jan]; 2 (1): 99-115One of the reasons multiple sclerosis (MS) has been considered a T-cell mediated autoimmune disease is that a similar experimental disease can be induced in certain rodents and primates by immunization with myelin antigens, leading to T-cell-mediated inflammatory demyelination in the CNS. In addition, most if not all pharmacological treatments available for MS are biologically active on T cells. In this article we review the principles of T-cell-based immunotherapies and the specific actions of current and novel treatments on T-cell functions, when these are known. For both licensed and innovative agents, we also discuss biological actions on other immune cell types. Finally, we offer a brief perspective on expected changes in the use of MS immunotherapies in the near future.|Animals[MESH]|Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology/*therapy[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Immune Tolerance/immunology[MESH]|Immunologic Memory/immunology[MESH]|Immunotherapy/*methods[MESH]|Multiple Sclerosis/immunology/*therapy[MESH]|T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology[MESH]|T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology[MESH]|T-Lymphocytes/*immunology[MESH] |