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Effector and regulatory B cells: modulators of CD4+ T cell immunity Lund FE; Randall TDNat Rev Immunol 2010[Apr]; 10 (4): 236-47B cells are essential for humoral immunity, but the role that they have in regulating CD4(+) T cell responses remains controversial. However, new data showing that the transient depletion of B cells potently influences the induction, maintenance and reactivation of CD4(+) T cells, with the recent identification of antibody-independent functions of B cells, have reinvigorated interest in the many roles of B cells in both infectious and autoimmune diseases. In this Review, we discuss recent data showing how effector and regulatory B cells modulate CD4(+) T cell responses to pathogens and autoantigens.|Animals[MESH]|B-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology[MESH]|B-Lymphocytes/*immunology[MESH]|CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Lymphocyte Activation/*immunology[MESH] |
