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lüll The U1-snRNP complex: structural properties relating to autoimmune pathogenesis in rheumatic diseases Kattah NH; Kattah MG; Utz PJImmunol Rev 2010[Jan]; 233 (1): 126-45The U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle (snRNP) is a target of autoreactive B cells and T cells in several rheumatic diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). We propose that inherent structural properties of this autoantigen complex, including common RNA-binding motifs, B and T-cell epitopes, and a unique stimulatory RNA molecule, underlie its susceptibility as a target of the autoimmune response. Immune mechanisms that may contribute to overall U1-snRNP immunogenicity include epitope spreading through B and T-cell interactions, apoptosis-induced modifications, and toll-like receptor (TLR) activation through stimulation by U1-snRNA. We conclude that understanding the interactions between U1-snRNP and the immune system will provide insights into why certain patients develop anti-U1-snRNP autoimmunity, and more importantly how to effectively target therapies against this autoimmune response.|*Autoimmunity[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Apoptosis/immunology[MESH]|Autoantibodies/*immunology[MESH]|Autoantigens/chemistry/*immunology[MESH]|Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology/pathology/therapy[MESH]|Epitopes[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Lymphocytes/immunology[MESH]|Protein Conformation[MESH]|Rheumatic Diseases/*immunology/pathology/therapy[MESH]|Ribonucleoprotein, U1 Small Nuclear/chemistry/*immunology[MESH]|Structure-Activity Relationship[MESH]|Toll-Like Receptors/immunology[MESH] |