Warning: Undefined variable $zfal in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 530
free
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 531
free free
English Wikipedia
Nephropedia Template TP (
Twit Text
DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing |
lüll Immunologic endocrine disorders Michels AW; Eisenbarth GSJ Allergy Clin Immunol 2010[Feb]; 125 (2 Suppl 2): S226-37Autoimmunity affects multiple glands in the endocrine system. Animal models and human studies highlight the importance of alleles in HLA-like molecules determining tissue-specific targeting that, with the loss of tolerance, leads to organ-specific autoimmunity. Disorders such as type 1A diabetes, Graves disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, Addison disease, and many others result from autoimmune-mediated tissue destruction. Each of these disorders can be divided into stages beginning with genetic susceptibility, environmental triggers, active autoimmunity, and finally metabolic derangements with overt symptoms of disease. With an increased understanding of the immunogenetics and immunopathogenesis of endocrine autoimmune disorders, immunotherapies are becoming prevalent, especially in patients with type 1A diabetes. Immunotherapies are being used more in multiple subspecialty fields to halt disease progression. Although therapies for autoimmune disorders stop the progress of an immune response, immunomodulatory therapies for cancer and chronic infections can also provoke an unwanted immune response. As a result, there are now iatrogenic autoimmune disorders arising from the treatment of chronic viral infections and malignancies.|*Autoimmune Diseases/diagnosis/etiology/physiopathology/therapy[MESH]|*Endocrine System Diseases/diagnosis/etiology/physiopathology/therapy[MESH]|*Immunotherapy[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Autoantibodies/immunology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Iatrogenic Disease[MESH]|Interferon-alpha/adverse effects/therapeutic use[MESH]|Interleukin-2/adverse effects/therapeutic use[MESH]|Neoplasms/drug therapy[MESH]|Organ Specificity[MESH]|Virus Diseases/drug therapy[MESH] |