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Sirtuin chemical mechanisms Sauve AABiochim Biophys Acta 2010[Aug]; 1804 (8): 1591-603Sirtuins are ancient proteins widely distributed in all lifeforms of earth. These proteins are universally able to bind NAD(+), and activate it to effect ADP-ribosylation of cellular nucleophiles. The most commonly observed sirtuin reaction is the ADP-ribosylation of acetyllysine, which leads to NAD(+)-dependent deacetylation. Other types of ADP-ribosylation have also been observed, including protein ADP-ribosylation, NAD(+) solvolysis and ADP-ribosyltransfer to 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole, a reaction involved in eubacterial cobalamin biosynthesis. This review broadly surveys the chemistries and chemical mechanisms of these enzymes.|Acetylation[MESH]|Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose/metabolism[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Benzimidazoles/metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Imidoesters/metabolism[MESH]|Lysine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism[MESH]|Models, Biological[MESH]|Molecular Structure[MESH]|NAD/metabolism[MESH]|Niacinamide/metabolism/pharmacology[MESH]|Plasmodium falciparum/metabolism[MESH]|Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects/metabolism[MESH]|Sirtuins/antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/*metabolism[MESH]|Trypanosoma brucei brucei/metabolism[MESH] |
