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Susceptibility to fraud in systematic reviews: lessons from the Reuben case Marret E; Elia N; Dahl JB; McQuay HJ; Moiniche S; Moore RA; Straube S; Tramer MRAnesthesiology 2009[Dec]; 111 (6): 1279-89BACKGROUND: Dr. Scott Reuben allegedly fabricated data. The authors of the current article examined the impact of Reuben reports on conclusions of systematic reviews. METHODS: The authors searched in ISI Web of Knowledge systematic reviews citing Reuben reports. Systematic reviews were grouped into one of three categories: I, only cited but did not include Reuben reports; II, retrieved and considered, but eventually excluded Reuben reports; III, included Reuben reports. For quantitative systematic reviews (i.e., meta-analyses), a relevant difference was defined as a significant result becoming nonsignificant (or vice versa) by excluding Reuben reports. For qualitative systematic reviews, each author decided independently whether noninclusion of Reuben reports would have changed conclusions. RESULTS: Twenty-five systematic reviews (5 category I, 6 category II, 14 category III) cited 27 Reuben reports (published 1994-2007). Most tested analgesics in surgical patients. One of 6 quantitative category III reviews would have reached different conclusions without Reuben reports. In all 6 (30 subgroup analyses involving Reuben reports), exclusion of Reuben reports never made any difference when the number of patients from Reuben reports was less than 30% of all patients included in the analysis. Of 8 qualitative category III reviews, all authors agreed that one would certainly have reached different conclusions without Reuben reports. For another 4, the authors' judgment was not unanimous. CONCLUSIONS: Carefully performed systematic reviews proved robust against the impact of Reuben reports. Quantitative systematic reviews were vulnerable if the fraudulent data were more than 30% of the total. Qualitative systematic reviews seemed at greater risk than quantitative.|*Meta-Analysis as Topic[MESH]|*Review Literature as Topic[MESH]|*Scientific Misconduct[MESH]|Analgesics/adverse effects/therapeutic use[MESH]|Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/adverse effects/therapeutic use[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy[MESH]|Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic[MESH]|Treatment Outcome[MESH] |
