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lüll The T box mechanism: tRNA as a regulatory molecule Green NJ; Grundy FJ; Henkin TMFEBS Lett 2010[Jan]; 584 (2): 318-24The T box mechanism is widely used in Gram-positive bacteria to regulate expression of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase genes and genes involved in amino acid biosynthesis and uptake. Binding of a specific uncharged tRNA to a riboswitch element in the nascent transcript causes a structural change in the transcript that promotes expression of the downstream coding sequence. In most cases, this occurs by stabilization of an antiterminator element that competes with formation of a terminator helix. Specific tRNA recognition by the nascent transcript results in increased expression of genes important for tRNA aminoacylation in response to decreased pools of charged tRNA.|*Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial[MESH]|*Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic[MESH]|Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases/*genetics[MESH]|Bacillus subtilis/*enzymology/genetics[MESH]|RNA, Transfer/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Transcription, Genetic[MESH] |