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lüll Angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis Szekanecz Z; Besenyei T; Paragh G; Koch AEAutoimmunity 2009[Nov]; 42 (7): 563-73Angiogenesis is the formation of new capillaries from pre-existing vessels. A number of soluble and cell-bound factors may stimulate neovascularization. The perpetuation of angiogenesis involving numerous soluble and cell surface-bound mediators has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These angiogenic mediators, among others, include growth factors, primarily vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines, various chemokines, matrix components, cell adhesion molecules, proteases and others. Among the several potential angiogenesis inhibitors, targeting of VEGF, HIF-1, angiogenic chemokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the alpha(V)beta(3) integrin may attenuate the action of angiogenic mediators and thus synovial angiogenesis. In addition, some naturally produced or synthetic compounds including angiostatin, endostatin, paclitaxel, fumagillin analogues, 2-methoxyestradiol and thalidomide may be included in the management of RA.|Angiogenesis Inhibitors/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Arthritis, Rheumatoid/*immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Blood Vessels/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Cell Adhesion Molecules/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Cytokines/*immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Extracellular Matrix/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Inflammation Mediators/*immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Neovascularization, Pathologic/*immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Receptors, Chemokine/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/immunology/metabolism[MESH] |