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lüll Pediatric low-grade gliomas Sievert AJ; Fisher MJJ Child Neurol 2009[Nov]; 24 (11): 1397-408Pediatric low-grade gliomas encompass a heterogeneous set of tumors of different histologies. Cerebellar pilocytic astrocytomas occur most frequently followed by supratentorial diffuse fibrillary astrocytomas. Recent research has implicated activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK pathway in tumorigenesis of these tumors. Surgery is the mainstay of therapy. Overall survival rates for patients whose tumors are completely resected are 90% or greater, 10 years from diagnosis. Conversely, most optic pathway/hypothalamic, deep midline, and brain stem gliomas have minimal potential for resection; these tumors can be difficult to treat and deserve special attention. Combination chemotherapy is currently recommended as front-line adjuvant treatment for progressive or recurrent tumors. Second-line radiotherapy can also improve overall survival but is associated with more frequent and significant neurocognitive, endocrine, and other long-term toxicities.|Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis/epidemiology/*therapy[MESH]|Child[MESH]|Glioma/diagnosis/epidemiology/*therapy[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Models, Neurological[MESH]|Neoplasm Staging[MESH] |