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lüll How I treat EBV lymphoproliferation Heslop HEBlood 2009[Nov]; 114 (19): 4002-8Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated B-cell lymphoproliferation is a life-threatening complication after hematopoietic stem cell or solid organ transplantation resulting from outgrowth of EBV-infected B cells that would normally be controlled by EBV-cytotoxic T cells. During the past decade, early detection strategies, such as serial measurement of EBV-DNA load in peripheral blood samples, have helped to identify high-risk patients and to diagnose early lymphoproliferation. Treatment options include manipulation of the balance between outgrowing EBV-infected B cells and the EBV cytotoxic T lymphocyte response and targeting the B cells with monoclonal antibodies or chemotherapy. Major challenges remain for defining indications for preemptive therapies and integrating novel and conventional therapies.|Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived[MESH]|Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use[MESH]|Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use[MESH]|Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use[MESH]|B-Lymphocytes/immunology/virology[MESH]|Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/diagnosis/etiology/*therapy[MESH]|Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects[MESH]|Herpesvirus 4, Human/immunology/pathogenicity[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Lymphoproliferative Disorders/diagnosis/etiology/*therapy[MESH]|Rituximab[MESH]|T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology/transplantation[MESH]|Tissue Donors[MESH]|Transplants/adverse effects[MESH] |