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lüll Vanilloid-mediated apoptosis in prostate cancer cells through a TRPV-1 dependent and a TRPV-1-independent mechanism Ziglioli F; Frattini A; Maestroni U; Dinale F; Ciufifeda M; Cortellini PActa Biomed 2009[Apr]; 80 (1): 13-20Vanilloids are natural molecules identified in a plethora of foods normally ingested through the diet. They mediate apoptosis through a direct pathway (independent of TRPV-1, the receptor for vanilloids) and through an indirect pathway, i.e., thanks to the interaction with TRPV-1 and the successive intracellular calcium growth [Ca2+]i. Some vanilloids, such as capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin and resiniferatoxin (the ultrapotent analogue of capsaicin, extractable from Euphorbia resinifera), may be considered as coenzyme Qantagonists: in fact, they inhibit the run of the electrons through the electron transport chain, so determining an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A second effect of the interaction between the vanilloids and TRPV-1 receptor may be reported: it is the fast decrease of the transmembrane mitochondrial potential (delta psi m). Through the direct pathway, on the contrary, the vanilloids induce apoptosis also interacting with caspases, particularly caspase 1 and 3. On the whole, the vanilloids are able to lead to the intracellular calcium growth and consequently to the evidence of precocious and late elements of apoptosis.|Apoptosis/*drug effects[MESH]|Calcium Signaling[MESH]|Capsaicin/chemistry/pharmacology[MESH]|Caspases/chemistry/*pharmacology[MESH]|Curcumin/chemistry/pharmacology[MESH]|Diterpenes/chemistry/pharmacology[MESH]|Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry/pharmacology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Male[MESH]|Prostatic Neoplasms/*etiology/*pathology[MESH]|TRPV Cation Channels/*physiology[MESH] |