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CD8+ T cells in Trypanosoma cruzi infection Padilla AM; Bustamante JM; Tarleton RLCurr Opin Immunol 2009[Aug]; 21 (4): 385-90CD8(+) T cells have emerged as crucial players in the control of a number of protozoan pathogens, including Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of human Chagas disease. The recent identification of the dominant targets of T. cruzi-specific T cells has allowed investigators to follow the generation of and document the functionality of T cell responses in both mice and humans. Although slow to develop in the early stages of the infection, T. cruzi-specific CD8(+) T cells reach prodigious levels and remain highly functional throughout chronic infections in mice. Following drug-induced cure during either the acute or chronic stage, these immunodominant T cells persist as stable, antigen-independent memory populations. T. cruzi-specific CD8(+) T cells in humans are less-well-studied but appear to lose functionality and decline in numbers in these decades-long infections. Changes in the frequency of parasite-specific T cell upon therapeutic treatment in humans may provide a new metric for determining treatment efficacy.|Animals[MESH]|CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/pathology[MESH]|Chagas Disease/diagnosis/*immunology/pathology/physiopathology/therapy[MESH]|Disease Progression[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Immunodominant Epitopes/immunology[MESH]|Immunologic Memory[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Prognosis[MESH]|Treatment Outcome[MESH]|Trypanosoma cruzi/growth & development/*immunology/pathogenicity[MESH] |
