Warning: Undefined variable $zfal in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 530
free
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 531
free free
English Wikipedia
Nephropedia Template TP (
Twit Text
DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing |
lüll Innate-like recognition of microbes by invariant natural killer T cells Kronenberg M; Kinjo YCurr Opin Immunol 2009[Aug]; 21 (4): 391-6Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) express a restricted T cell antigen receptor (TCR) repertoire and they respond rapidly to glycolipid antigens presented by CD1d. These glycolipid antigens have hexose sugars in alpha-linkage to two types of lipids that can bind to CD1d. Recent work has shown that the responses of iNKT cells to antigen-bearing microbes can have a profound impact on the development of inflammatory diseases. iNKT cells overcome the limitation of their limited TCR diversity by also responding in a foreign antigen-independent fashion to some infectious agents, similar to NK cells. Recent results demonstrate several mechanisms for the indirect activation of iNKT cells by viruses or TLR ligands, dependent on self-antigen recognition and/or different cytokines produced by antigen presenting cells. The means by which iNKT cells influence other cell types and overall host defense are likewise diverse, illustrating the flexibility and functional diversity of this T lymphocyte sublineage.|Animals[MESH]|Antigens, CD1d/immunology/*metabolism[MESH]|Antigens/chemistry/immunology/*metabolism[MESH]|Cytokines/immunology[MESH]|Glycolipids/chemistry/immunology/*metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Immunity, Innate[MESH]|Infections/*immunology[MESH]|Killer Cells, Natural/immunology[MESH]|Lymphocyte Activation[MESH]|Natural Killer T-Cells/immunology/*metabolism/pathology[MESH]|T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity/*immunology[MESH] |