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Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy: principles and application to photosynthetic systems Berera R; van Grondelle R; Kennis JTPhotosynth Res 2009[Aug]; 101 (2-3): 105-18The photophysical and photochemical reactions, after light absorption by a photosynthetic pigment-protein complex, are among the fastest events in biology, taking place on timescales ranging from tens of femtoseconds to a few nanoseconds. The advent of ultrafast laser systems that produce pulses with femtosecond duration opened up a new area of research and enabled investigation of these photophysical and photochemical reactions in real time. Here, we provide a basic description of the ultrafast transient absorption technique, the laser and wavelength-conversion equipment, the transient absorption setup, and the collection of transient absorption data. Recent applications of ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy on systems with increasing degree of complexity, from biomimetic light-harvesting systems to natural light-harvesting antennas, are presented. In particular, we will discuss, in this educational review, how a molecular understanding of the light-harvesting and photoprotective functions of carotenoids in photosynthesis is accomplished through the application of ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy.|Anisotropy[MESH]|Carotenoids/chemistry/metabolism[MESH]|Photosynthesis/*physiology[MESH]|Photosystem II Protein Complex/metabolism[MESH]|Spectrum Analysis/*methods[MESH]|Statistics as Topic[MESH] |
