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Systematic review: the prevalence of idiopathic bile acid malabsorption as diagnosed by SeHCAT scanning in patients with diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome Wedlake L; A'Hern R; Russell D; Thomas K; Walters JR; Andreyev HJAliment Pharmacol Ther 2009[Oct]; 30 (7): 707-17BACKGROUND: Recurrent, watery diarrhoea affects one-third of patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome ('IBS-D'). Idiopathic bile acid malabsorption ('I-BAM') may be the cause. AIM: To determine the prevalence of I-BAM in patients suffering from IBS-D. METHODS: A systematic search was performed of publications reporting patients presenting with IBS-D type symptoms, who were subsequently confirmed as having I-BAM by SeHCAT scanning. RESULTS: Eighteen relevant studies, 15 prospective, comprising 1223 patients were identified. Five studies (429 patients) indicated that 10% (CI: 7-13) patients had severe bile acid malabsorption (SeHCAT 7 day retention <5% of baseline value). 17 studies (1073 patients) indicated that 32% (CI: 29-35) patients had moderate bile acid malabsorption (SeHCAT <10%). 7 studies (618 patients) indicated that 26% (CI: 23-30) patients had mild (SeHCAT <15%) bile acid malabsorption. Pooled data from 15 studies showed a dose-response relationship according to severity of malabsorption to treatment with a bile acid binder: response to colestyramine occurred in 96% of patients with <5% retention, 80% at <10% retention and 70% at <15% retention. CONCLUSIONS: Idiopathic adult-onset bile acid malabsorption is not rare. International guidelines for the management of irritable bowel syndrome need to be revised so that clinicians become more aware of this possibility.|Adult[MESH]|Anion Exchange Resins/*therapeutic use[MESH]|Bile Acids and Salts/*metabolism[MESH]|Cholestyramine Resin/*therapeutic use[MESH]|Diarrhea/epidemiology/*etiology[MESH]|Dose-Response Relationship, Drug[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Irritable Bowel Syndrome/complications/epidemiology/*physiopathology[MESH]|Malabsorption Syndromes/*complications/drug therapy/epidemiology[MESH]|Prevalence[MESH]|Prospective Studies[MESH]|Retrospective Studies[MESH]|Severity of Illness Index[MESH] |
