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Influenza Jefferson TBMJ Clin Evid 2009[Mar]; 2009 (�): �INTRODUCTION: During the autumn-winter months (influenza seasons), influenza circulates more frequently, causing a greater proportion of influenza-like illness, and sometimes serious seasonal epidemics. The incidence of infection depends on the underlying immunity of the population. METHODS AND OUTCOMES: We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of vaccines to prevent influenza? What are the effects of antiviral chemoprophylaxis of influenza? What are the effects of antiviral medications to treat influenza? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to June 2008 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically, please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). RESULTS: We found 21 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions. CONCLUSIONS: In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: vaccines, amantadine, oseltamivir, zanamivir, rimantadine.|*Influenza Vaccines/therapeutic use[MESH]|*Influenza, Human/drug therapy[MESH]|Acute Disease[MESH]|Administration, Inhalation[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Incidence[MESH]|Oseltamivir/therapeutic use[MESH]|Rimantadine/therapeutic use[MESH]|Zanamivir/therapeutic use[MESH] |