Warning: Undefined variable $zfal in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 530
free
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 531
free free
English Wikipedia
Nephropedia Template TP (
Twit Text
DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing |
lüll Physiologic changes and clinical correlates of advanced dyspnea Gilman SA; Banzett RBCurr Opin Support Palliat Care 2009[Jun]; 3 (2): 93-7PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To discuss the pathophysiology of dyspnea as it relates to patients suffering with chronic respiratory illness or end-stage disease. RECENT FINDINGS: There are several publications highlighting important new concepts in this field including a new multidimensional model of dyspnea, similar to that developed for pain, that sheds new insight into the pathophysiology. Research in pulmonary rehabilitation, exercise testing and distractive auditory stimulation has also contributed to our understanding. Finally, there are new data on the emotional response of laboratory-induced dyspnea. SUMMARY: Dyspnea is a complex symptom widely prevalent in advanced disease that involves multiple causes and pathophysiologies. The sensation of dyspnea is subjective and often evokes discomfort, fear, and anxiety. We recommend that this symptom be evaluated whenever vital signs are taken.|Acoustic Stimulation[MESH]|Affect[MESH]|Anxiety/epidemiology/psychology[MESH]|Dyspnea/epidemiology/*physiopathology/prevention & control[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Muscle Weakness/physiopathology[MESH]|Palliative Care[MESH]|Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology/physiopathology[MESH]|Respiratory Muscles/physiopathology[MESH]|Severity of Illness Index[MESH] |