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lüll Macrophages in breast cancer: do involution macrophages account for the poor prognosis of pregnancy-associated breast cancer?O'Brien J; Schedin PJ Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2009[Jun]; 14 (2): 145-57Macrophage influx is associated with negative outcomes for women with breast cancer and has been demonstrated to be required for metastasis of mammary tumors in mouse models. Pregnancy-associated breast cancer is characterized by particularly poor outcomes, however the reasons remain obscure. Recently, post-pregnancy mammary involution has been characterized as having a wound healing signature. We have proposed the involution-hypothesis, which states that the wound healing microenvironment of the involuting gland is tumor promotional. Macrophage influx is one of the prominent features of the involuting gland, identifying the macrophage a potential instigator of tumor progression and a novel target for breast cancer treatment and prevention.|Adult[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Breast Neoplasms/genetics/mortality/*pathology[MESH]|Extracellular Matrix Proteins/physiology[MESH]|Female[MESH]|Gene Expression Profiling[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Lactation/genetics/*physiology[MESH]|Macrophages/classification/*physiology[MESH]|Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics/pathology[MESH]|Matrix Metalloproteinases/physiology[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Mice, Inbred C57BL[MESH]|Neoplasm Metastasis[MESH]|Neoplasm Proteins/physiology[MESH]|Neovascularization, Pathologic/physiopathology[MESH]|Pregnancy[MESH]|Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic/genetics/mortality/*pathology[MESH]|Prognosis[MESH]|Puerperal Disorders/genetics/mortality/*pathology[MESH]|Sexual Maturation[MESH]|Wound Healing/genetics[MESH] |