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Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and taste sensation Ishimaru Y; Matsunami HJ Dent Res 2009[Mar]; 88 (3): 212-8Humans have 5 basic taste sensations: sweet, bitter, sour, salty, and umami (taste of 1-amino acids). Among 33 genes related to transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, 3--including TRP-melastatin 5 (TRPM5), polycystic kidney disease-1-like 3 (PKD1L3), and polycystic kidney disease-2-like 1 (PKD2L1)--are specifically and abundantly expressed in taste receptor cells. TRP-melastatin 5 is co-expressed with taste receptors T1Rs and T2Rs, and functions as a common downstream component in sweet, bitter, and umami taste signal transduction. In contrast, polycystic kidney disease-1-like 3 and polycystic kidney disease-2-like 1 are co-expressed in distinct subsets of taste receptor cells not expressing TRP-melastatin 5. In the heterologous expression system, cells expressing both polycystic kidney disease-1-like 3 and polycystic kidney disease-2-like 1 responded to sour stimuli, showing a unique "off-response" property. Genetic ablation of poly-cystic kidney disease-2-like 1-expressing cells resulted in elimination of gustatory nerve response to sour stimuli, indicating that cells expressing polycystic kidney disease-2-like 1 function as sour taste detectors. These results suggest that polycystic kidney disease-1-like 3/polycystic kidney disease-2-like 1 may play a significant role, possibly as taste receptors, in sour taste sensation.|Calcium Channels/physiology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology[MESH]|Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/physiology[MESH]|TRPM Cation Channels/physiology[MESH]|TRPV Cation Channels/physiology[MESH]|Taste Buds/physiology[MESH]|Taste Receptors, Type 2[MESH]|Taste/*physiology[MESH]|Transient Receptor Potential Channels/*physiology[MESH] |
