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lüll Mitochondria, calcium and cell death: a deadly triad in neurodegeneration Celsi F; Pizzo P; Brini M; Leo S; Fotino C; Pinton P; Rizzuto RBiochim Biophys Acta 2009[May]; 1787 (5): 335-44Mitochondrial Ca(2+) accumulation is a tightly controlled process, in turn regulating functions as diverse as aerobic metabolism and induction of cell death. The link between Ca(2+) (dys)regulation, mitochondria and cellular derangement is particularly evident in neurodegenerative disorders, in which genetic models and environmental factors allowed to identify common traits in the pathogenic routes. We will here summarize: i) the current view of mechanisms and functions of mitochondrial Ca(2+) homeostasis, ii) the basic principles of organelle Ca(2+) transport, iii) the role of Ca(2+) in neuronal cell death, and iv) the new information on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's, Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases, highlighting the role of Ca(2+) and mitochondria.|Alzheimer Disease/pathology/physiopathology[MESH]|Calcium/*physiology[MESH]|Cell Death/*physiology[MESH]|Cytosol/metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Huntingtin Protein[MESH]|Huntington Disease/pathology/physiopathology[MESH]|Mitochondria/*physiology[MESH]|Mitochondrial Membranes/physiology[MESH]|Mutation[MESH]|Nerve Degeneration/genetics/pathology/*physiopathology[MESH]|Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/physiology[MESH]|Nuclear Proteins/genetics[MESH]|Parkinson Disease/pathology/physiopathology[MESH]|Presenilins/physiology[MESH]|Signal Transduction[MESH]|Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics[MESH] |