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NOD-like receptors and inflammation Mathews RJ; Sprakes MB; McDermott MFArthritis Res Ther 2008[]; 10 (6): 228The nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat (also known as NOD-like receptors, both abbreviated to NLR) family of intracellular pathogen recognition receptors are increasingly being recognized to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of a number of rare monogenic diseases, as well as some more common polygenic conditions. Bacterial wall constituents and other cellular stressor molecules are recognized by a range of NLRs, which leads to activation of the innate immune response and upregulation of key proinflammatory pathways, such as IL-1beta production and translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB to the nucleus. These signalling pathways are increasingly being targeted as potential sites for new therapies. This review discusses the role played by NLRs in a variety of inflammatory diseases and describes the remarkable success to date of these therapeutic agents in treating some of the disorders associated with aberrant NLR function.|Animals[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Inflammation Mediators/metabolism/*physiology[MESH]|Mutation[MESH]|Nod Signaling Adaptor Proteins/genetics/*physiology[MESH]|Signal Transduction/genetics/immunology[MESH] |
