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Viruses and kidney disease: beyond HIV Waldman M; Marshall V; Whitby D; Kopp JBSemin Nephrol 2008[Nov]; 28 (6): 595-607Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients may acquire new viral co-infections; they also may experience the reactivation or worsening of existing viral infections, including active, smoldering, or latent infections. HIV-infected patients may be predisposed to these viral infections owing to immunodeficiency or risk factors common to HIV and other viruses. A number of these affect the kidney, either by direct infection or by deposition of immune complexes. In this review we discuss the renal manifestations and treatment of hepatitis C virus, BK virus, adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, and parvovirus B19 in patients with HIV disease. We also discuss an approach to the identification of new viral renal pathogens, using a viral gene chip to identify viral DNA or RNA.|*Kidney Diseases/diagnosis/epidemiology/etiology[MESH]|*Virus Diseases/complications/diagnosis/virology[MESH]|Diagnosis, Differential[MESH]|HIV/genetics[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|RNA, Viral/*analysis[MESH]|Viruses/*genetics[MESH] |
