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lüll Kindlins: essential regulators of integrin signalling and cell-matrix adhesion Larjava H; Plow EF; Wu CEMBO Rep 2008[Dec]; 9 (12): 1203-8Integrin-mediated cell-ECM (extracellular matrix) adhesion is a fundamental process that controls cell behaviour. For correct cell-ECM adhesion, both the ligand-binding affinity and the spatial organization of integrins must be precisely controlled; how integrins are regulated, however, is not completely understood. Kindlins constitute a family of evolutionarily conserved cytoplasmic components of cell-ECM adhesions that bind to beta-integrin cytoplasmic tails directly and cooperate with talin in integrin activation. In addition, kindlins interact with many components of cell-ECM adhesions--such as migfilin and integrin-linked kinase--to promote cytoskeletal reorganization. Loss of kindlins causes severe defects in integrin signalling, cell-ECM adhesion and cytoskeletal organization, resulting in early embryonic lethality (kindlin-2), postnatal lethality (kindlin-3) and Kindler syndrome (kindlin-1). It is therefore clear that kindlins, together with several other integrin-proximal proteins, are essential for integrin signalling and cell-ECM adhesion regulation.|*Signal Transduction[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Carrier Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism[MESH]|Cell Adhesion[MESH]|Cell-Matrix Junctions/*metabolism[MESH]|Disease[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Integrins/*metabolism[MESH] |