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lüll Friedreich ataxia Pandolfo MArch Neurol 2008[Oct]; 65 (10): 1296-303Friedreich ataxia is an autosomal recessive degenerative disease that primarily affects the nervous system and the heart. It is named after its original description as a "degenerative atrophy of the posterior columns of the spinal cord" by Nicholaus Friedreich, who was a professor of medicine in Heidelberg in the second half of the 19th century. The full extent of the Friedreich ataxia phenotype and its genetic epidemiology could only be appreciated after a direct genetic test became available in 1996. At the same time, the complex pathogenesis of Friedreich ataxia started to be unraveled. Herein, I review our current knowledge of the disease and how it is contributing to the development of therapeutic approaches.|Afferent Pathways/pathology/physiopathology[MESH]|Central Nervous System/pathology/*physiopathology[MESH]|Cerebellum/pathology/physiopathology[MESH]|Disease Progression[MESH]|Friedreich Ataxia/*genetics/pathology/*physiopathology[MESH]|Gait Disorders, Neurologic/genetics/pathology/physiopathology[MESH]|Genetic Predisposition to Disease/*genetics[MESH]|Heart Diseases/genetics[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Mitochondrial Diseases/genetics/pathology/physiopathology[MESH]|Spinal Cord/pathology/physiopathology[MESH] |