Warning: Undefined variable $zfal in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Deprecated: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 525
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 530
Warning: Undefined variable $sterm in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\mlpefetch.php on line 531
 
English Wikipedia
Nephropedia Template TP (
Twit Text
DeepDyve
Pubget Overpricing |  
lüll
Tumour cell survival signalling by the ERK1/2 pathway Balmanno K; Cook SJCell Death Differ 2009[Mar]; 16 (3): 368-77Several advances in recent years have focused increasing attention on the role of the RAF-MEK-ERK1/2 pathway in promoting cell survival. The demonstration that BRAF is a human oncogene mutated at high frequency in melanoma, thyroid and colon cancer has provided a pathophysiological context, whilst the description of potent and highly selective inhibitors of BRAF or MEK has allowed a more informed and rational intervention in both normal and tumour cells. In addition, separate studies have uncovered new mechanisms by which the ERK1/2 pathway can control the activity or abundance of members of the BCL-2 protein family to promote cell survival. It is now apparent that various oncogenes co-opt ERK1/2 signalling to de-regulate these BCL-2 proteins and this contributes to, and even underpins, survival signalling in some tumours. New oncogene-targeted therapies allow direct or indirect inhibition of ERK1/2 signalling and can cause quite striking tumour cell death. In other cases, inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway may be more effective in combination with other conventional and novel therapeutics. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of how the ERK1/2 pathway regulates BCL-2 proteins to promote survival, how this is de-regulated in tumour cells and the opportunities this might afford with the use of new targeted therapies.|*Cell Survival[MESH]|*Neoplasms/metabolism/pathology[MESH]|Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism[MESH]|Bcl-2-Like Protein 11[MESH]|ErbB Receptors/metabolism[MESH]|Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/*metabolism[MESH]|Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics/metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|MAP Kinase Signaling System/*physiology[MESH]|Membrane Proteins/metabolism[MESH]|Oncogenes[MESH]|Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics/metabolism[MESH]|Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism[MESH]|Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism[MESH]|RNA Stability[MESH]|Transcription, Genetic[MESH]|bcl-Associated Death Protein/metabolism[MESH]|ras Proteins/genetics/metabolism[MESH] |
