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lüll Immune reconstitution and implications for immunotherapy following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation Williams KM; Gress REBest Pract Res Clin Haematol 2008[Sep]; 21 (3): 579-96Recovery of a fully functional immune system is a slow and often incomplete process following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. While innate immunity reconstitutes quickly, adaptive B- and especially T-cell lymphopoeisis may be compromised for years following transplantation. In large part, these immune system deficits are due to the decrease, or even absence, of thymopoiesis following transplantation. Thereby, T-cell reconstitution initially relies upon expansion of mature donor T cells; a proliferation driven by high cytokine levels and the presence of allo-reactive antigens. This peripheral mechanism of T-cell generation may have important clinical consequences. By expanding tumouricidal T cells, it may provide a venue to enhance T-cellular immunotherapy following transplantation. Alternatively, decreased thymic function may impair long-term anti-tumour immunity and increase the likelihood of graft-versus-host disease.|*Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects[MESH]|B-Lymphocytes/immunology[MESH]|Bone Marrow Transplantation[MESH]|Dendritic Cells/immunology[MESH]|Graft vs Host Disease/*immunology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Immunity, Innate[MESH]|Immunotherapy[MESH]|Killer Cells, Natural/immunology[MESH]|Leukemia/immunology/*therapy[MESH]|Neoplasms/immunology/therapy[MESH]|Neutrophils/immunology[MESH]|T-Lymphocytes/*immunology[MESH]|Transplantation Conditioning[MESH] |