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lüll Development of free-energy-based models for chaperonin containing TCP-1 mediated folding of actin Altschuler GM; Willison KRJ R Soc Interface 2008[Dec]; 5 (29): 1391-408A free-energy-based approach is used to describe the mechanism through which chaperonin-containing TCP-1 (CCT) folds the filament-forming cytoskeletal protein actin, which is one of its primary substrates. The experimental observations on the actin folding and unfolding pathways are collated and then re-examined from this perspective, allowing us to determine the position of the CCT intervention on the actin free-energy folding landscape. The essential role for CCT in actin folding is to provide a free-energy contribution from its ATP cycle, which drives actin to fold from a stable, trapped intermediate I3, to a less stable but now productive folding intermediate I2. We develop two hypothetical mechanisms for actin folding founded upon concepts established for the bacterial type I chaperonin GroEL and extend them to the much more complex CCT system of eukaryotes. A new model is presented in which CCT facilitates free-energy transfer through direct coupling of the nucleotide hydrolysis cycle to the phases of actin substrate maturation.|*Models, Chemical[MESH]|*Models, Molecular[MESH]|*Protein Folding[MESH]|Actins/*metabolism[MESH]|Chaperonin 60/*metabolism[MESH]|Chaperonin Containing TCP-1[MESH]|Chaperonins/*metabolism[MESH] |