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T cells in the pathogenesis of ANCA-associated vasculitis: current knowledge Hruskova Z; Mareckova H; Rihova Z; Rysava R; Jancova E; Merta M; Tesar VFolia Biol (Praha) 2008[]; 54 (3): 81-7AAV are a group of systemic immune-mediated diseases with a strong and highly specific association with ANCA. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence that ANCA might play a direct pathogenic role in triggering AAV. Nevertheless, effectors of cell-mediated immunity prevail in the inflammation sites in patients with AAV. Numerous studies found increased markers of T-cell activation in AAV. Moreover, this activation persisted even in remission and despite treatment. Finally, successful therapeutic attempts using T cell-directed treatment were also reported. There has therefore been substantial evidence that T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of AAV, even though the exact mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. In this review, recent findings on the contribution of T cells to the pathogenic processes in AAV will be briefly summarized. Special emphasis will be placed on the Th1/Th2 concept, the role of T-regulatory cells, and the role of effector memory T cells in the pathogenesis of AAV.|Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic/*blood/immunology[MESH]|Cytokines/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Dendritic Cells/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Immunologic Memory[MESH]|Lymphocyte Activation[MESH]|Myeloblastin/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Peroxidase/immunology/metabolism[MESH]|T-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Th1 Cells/*immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Th2 Cells/*immunology/metabolism[MESH]|Vasculitis/*immunology/metabolism/therapy[MESH] |
