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  lüll The role of virulence determinants in community-associated MRSA pathogenesis Diep BA; Otto MTrends Microbiol  2008[Aug]; 16 (8): 361-9The recent emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus  aureus (CA-MRSA) marked a quantum change in the biology and epidemiology of a  major human pathogen. Various virulence determinants unique to CA-MRSA have been  uncovered recently, which shed light on how these strains spread easily and  sustainably among humans and frequently cause severe disease. The role of the  Panton Valentine leukocidin (PVL) in CA-MRSA pathogenesis is a matter of much  debate. Although epidemiological data have indicated a role for PVL in the  CA-MRSA disease process, recent data from relevant animal models indicate that  PVL does not impact virulence of prevalent CA-MRSA strains. Identifying  specialized pathogenic traits of CA-MRSA remains a challenge that will yield new  diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets for drug and vaccine development. Here,  we discuss the roles of PVL, the arginine catabolic mobile element and  phenol-soluble modulins in the pathogenesis of prevalent CA-MRSA strains.|*Methicillin Resistance[MESH]|Bacterial Toxins/biosynthesis[MESH]|Community-Acquired Infections/epidemiology/*microbiology[MESH]|Exotoxins/biosynthesis[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Leukocidins/biosynthesis[MESH]|Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology/*microbiology[MESH]|Staphylococcus aureus/*drug effects/*pathogenicity[MESH]|Virulence[MESH]|Virulence Factors/*biosynthesis[MESH] |