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Protein and nucleotide damage by glyoxal and methylglyoxal in physiological systems--role in ageing and disease Thornalley PJDrug Metabol Drug Interact 2008[]; 23 (1-2): 125-50Glycation of proteins, nucleotides and basic phospholipids by glyoxal and methylglyoxal--physiological substrates of glyoxalase 1--is potentially damaging to the proteome, genome and lipidome. Glyoxalase 1 suppresses glycation by these alpha-oxoaldehyde metabolites and thereby represents part of the enzymatic defence against glycation. Albert Szent-Gyorgyi pioneered and struggled to understand the physiological function of methylglyoxal and the glyoxalase system. We now appreciate that glyoxalase 1 protects against dicarbonyl modifications of the proteome, genome and lipome. Latest research suggests there are functional modifications of this process--implying a role in cell signalling, ageing and disease.|Aging/*physiology[MESH]|Animals[MESH]|Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/physiology[MESH]|Glycation End Products, Advanced/metabolism[MESH]|Glyoxal/*metabolism[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Lactoylglutathione Lyase/physiology[MESH]|Nucleotides/*metabolism[MESH]|Proteins/*metabolism[MESH]|Pyruvaldehyde/metabolism[MESH]|Thiolester Hydrolases/physiology[MESH] |
