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gammadelta T cells: an important source of IL-17 Roark CL; Simonian PL; Fontenot AP; Born WK; O'Brien RLCurr Opin Immunol 2008[Jun]; 20 (3): 353-7IL-17 is a cytokine that plays an important role in orchestrating innate immune function. In addition, IL-17 has been shown to exacerbate autoimmune diseases. CD4(+) alphabeta T cells, gammadelta T cells, and NK cells all produce IL-17. Th17 cells are a newly defined alphabeta(+) T cell lineage characterized by IL-17 production. However, gammadelta T cells are often the major source of this cytokine. Their response can be very rapid during bacterial infections and has been shown to be protective, but IL-17-producing gammadelta T cells have also been found to exacerbate collagen-induced arthritis. Interestingly, some gammadelta T cells produce IL-17 in response to IL-23 alone, even in naive animals, suggesting they are already differentiated and may develop differently than CD4(+) alphabeta Th17 cells.|Animals[MESH]|Autoimmune Diseases/immunology[MESH]|Interleukin-17/*biosynthesis/classification[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/*analysis[MESH]|T-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology[MESH]|T-Lymphocytes/*immunology[MESH] |