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lüll Mechanisms of inhibition of HIV replication by non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors Sluis-Cremer N; Tachedjian GVirus Res 2008[Jun]; 134 (1-2): 147-56The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NNRTIs) are a therapeutic class of compounds that are routinely used, in combination with other antiretroviral drugs, to treat HIV-1 infection. NNRTIs primarily block HIV-1 replication by preventing RT from completing reverse transcription of the viral single-stranded RNA genome into DNA. However, some NNRTIs, such as efavirenz, have been shown to inhibit the late stages of HIV-1 replication by interfering with HIV-1 Gag-Pol polyprotein processing, while others, such as the pyrimidinediones, have been shown to inhibit both HIV-1 RT-mediated reverse transcription and HIV-1/HIV-2 viral entry. Accordingly, in this review we describe the multiple mechanisms by which NNRTIs inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcription (and in some cases HIV-2 reverse transcription) and other key steps involved in HIV-1/HIV-2 replication.|Binding Sites[MESH]|HIV Infections/*drug therapy[MESH]|HIV Reverse Transcriptase/*antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism[MESH]|HIV-1/*drug effects/*genetics/physiology[MESH]|HIV-2/drug effects/genetics[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Kinetics[MESH]|Models, Molecular[MESH]|Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/chemistry/*pharmacology/therapeutic use[MESH]|Reverse Transcription/drug effects[MESH]|Virus Replication/*drug effects[MESH] |