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lüll Role of caveolar compartmentation in endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated relaxation: Ca2+ signals and gap junction function are regulated by caveolin in endothelial cells Saliez J; Bouzin C; Rath G; Ghisdal P; Desjardins F; Rezzani R; Rodella LF; Vriens J; Nilius B; Feron O; Balligand JL; Dessy CCirculation 2008[Feb]; 117 (8): 1065-74BACKGROUND: In endothelial cells, caveolin-1, the structural protein of caveolae, acts as a scaffolding protein to cluster lipids and signaling molecules within caveolae and, in some instances, regulates the activity of proteins targeted to caveolae. Specifically, different putative mediators of the endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated relaxation are located in caveolae and/or regulated by the structural protein caveolin-1, such as potassium channels, calcium regulatory proteins, and connexin 43, a molecular component of gap junctions. METHODS AND RESULTS: Comparing relaxation in vessels from caveolin-1 knockout mice and their wild-type littermates, we observed a complete absence of EDHF-mediated vasodilation in isolated mesenteric arteries from caveolin-1 knockout mice. The absence of caveolin-1 is associated with an impairment of calcium homeostasis in endothelial cells, notably, a decreased activity of Ca2+-permeable TRPV4 cation channels that participate in nitric oxide- and EDHF-mediated relaxation. Moreover, morphological characterization of caveolin-1 knockout and wild-type arteries showed fewer gap junctions in vessels from knockout animals associated with a lower expression of connexins 37, 40, and 43 and altered myoendothelial communication. Finally, we showed that TRPV4 channels and connexins colocalize with caveolin-1 in the caveolar compartment of the plasma membrane. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that expression of caveolin-1 is required for EDHF-related relaxation by modulating membrane location and activity of TRPV4 channels and connexins, which are both implicated at different steps in the EDHF-signaling pathway.|Animals[MESH]|Biological Factors/*metabolism[MESH]|Calcium Signaling/*physiology[MESH]|Calcium/metabolism[MESH]|Caveolae/metabolism[MESH]|Caveolin 1/genetics/*metabolism[MESH]|Cell Compartmentation/*physiology[MESH]|Connexins/metabolism[MESH]|Endothelial Cells/*metabolism/ultrastructure[MESH]|Gap Junctions/metabolism[MESH]|Mice[MESH]|Mice, Knockout[MESH]|Microcirculation[MESH]|Nitric Oxide/metabolism[MESH]|TRPV Cation Channels/genetics/metabolism[MESH]|Vasodilation/*physiology[MESH] |