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lüll Induction of oxidative stress as a mechanism of action of chemopreventive agents against cancer Rigas B; Sun YBr J Cancer 2008[Apr]; 98 (7): 1157-60Prevention is a promising option for the control of cancer. Cellular redox changes have emerged as a pivotal and proximal event in cancer. In this review, we provide a brief background on redox biochemistry, discuss the important distinction between redox signalling and oxidative stress, and outline the 'multiple biological personalities' of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: at low concentrations they protect the cell; at higher concentrations they can damage many biological molecules, such as DNA, proteins, and lipids; and, as we argue here, they may also prevent cancer by initiating the death of the transformed cell. Nitric oxide-donating aspirin is discussed as an instructive example: it generates a state of oxidative stress through which it affects several redox-sensitive signalling pathways, leading ultimately to the elimination of the neoplastic cell via apoptosis or necrosis. As additional examples, we discuss the chemopreventive n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which induce cell death through redox changes. We conclude that modulation of redox biochemistry represents a fruitful approach to cancer prevention.|Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use[MESH]|Anticarcinogenic Agents/*therapeutic use[MESH]|Apoptosis/drug effects[MESH]|Aspirin/therapeutic use[MESH]|Fish Oils/therapeutic use[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Models, Biological[MESH]|Neoplasms/metabolism/*prevention & control[MESH]|Nitric Oxide Donors/therapeutic use[MESH]|Oxidative Stress/*physiology[MESH]|Reactive Nitrogen Species/metabolism[MESH]|Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism[MESH] |