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Controlled differentiation of stem cells Hwang NS; Varghese S; Elisseeff JAdv Drug Deliv Rev 2008[Jan]; 60 (2): 199-214The extracellular microenvironment plays a significant role in controlling cellular behavior. Identification of appropriate biomaterials that support cellular attachment, proliferation and, most importantly in the case of human embryonic stem cells, lineage-specific differentiation is critical for tissue engineering and cellular therapy. In addition to growth factors and morphogenetic factors known to induce lineage commitment of stem cells, a number of scaffolding materials, including synthetic and naturally-derived biomaterials, have been utilized in tissue engineering approaches to direct differentiation. This review focuses on recent emerging findings and well-characterized differentiation models of human embryonic stem cells. Additionally, we also discuss about various strategies that have been used in stem cell expansion.|Biocompatible Materials/chemistry/pharmacology[MESH]|Cell Culture Techniques/methods[MESH]|Cell Differentiation/drug effects/*physiology[MESH]|Embryonic Stem Cells/*cytology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/pharmacology[MESH]|Tissue Engineering/*methods[MESH]|Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry[MESH] |
