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lüll Arterial endothelium and atherothrombogenesis II--the role of endothelial dysfunction in atherothrombotic lesions Silva JM; Saldanha CRev Port Cardiol 2006[Dec]; 25 (12): 1159-86When cardiovascular risk factors prevail, the endothelial phenotype evolves to a dysfunctional state that is characterized by decreased endothelial-dependent vasodilation and the expression of proinflammatory, procoagulant, pro-oxidant and proliferation signals. Together, these alterations cause perfusion anomalies, promote the development and progression of atherosclerosis, and lead to atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. There is evidence that endothelial dysfunction is a predictor and prognostic risk factor of cardiovascular events, and characterization of the state of endothelial function in all susceptible individuals is strongly recommended as a preventive measure against atherosclerotic disease and to guide and monitor antiatherogenic treatment and atherosclerotic complications.|Animals[MESH]|Apoptosis[MESH]|Atherosclerosis/complications/*etiology[MESH]|Capillary Permeability[MESH]|Cell Proliferation[MESH]|Disease Progression[MESH]|Elasticity[MESH]|Endothelium, Vascular/pathology/*physiopathology[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Inflammation/complications[MESH]|Oxidation-Reduction[MESH]|Rupture, Spontaneous[MESH]|Thrombosis/*etiology[MESH]|Vasoconstriction[MESH] |