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lüll The structure and function of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins Reichow SL; Hamma T; Ferre-D'Amare AR; Varani GNucleic Acids Res 2007[]; 35 (5): 1452-64Eukaryotes and archaea use two sets of specialized ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) to carry out sequence-specific methylation and pseudouridylation of RNA, the two most abundant types of modifications of cellular RNAs. In eukaryotes, these protein-RNA complexes localize to the nucleolus and are called small nucleolar RNPs (snoRNPs), while in archaea they are known as small RNPs (sRNP). The C/D class of sno(s)RNPs carries out ribose-2'-O-methylation, while the H/ACA class is responsible for pseudouridylation of their RNA targets. Here, we review the recent advances in the structure, assembly and function of the conserved C/D and H/ACA sno(s)RNPs. Structures of each of the core archaeal sRNP proteins have been determined and their assembly pathways delineated. Furthermore, the recent structure of an H/ACA complex has revealed the organization of a complete sRNP. Combined with current biochemical data, these structures offer insight into the highly homologous eukaryotic snoRNPs.|Archaeal Proteins/*chemistry/metabolism/*physiology[MESH]|Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/chemistry/physiology[MESH]|Hydro-Lyases/chemistry/physiology[MESH]|Methyltransferases/chemistry/physiology[MESH]|Models, Molecular[MESH]|RNA, Small Nucleolar/chemistry[MESH]|Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nucleolar/*chemistry/metabolism/*physiology[MESH] |