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lüll Meta-analysis: ondansetron for vomiting in acute gastroenteritis in children Szajewska H; Gieruszczak-Bialek D; Dylag MAliment Pharmacol Ther 2007[Feb]; 25 (4): 393-400BACKGROUND: Vomiting is a common sympton in children with gastroenteritis, but its treatment remains controversial. AIM: To investigate potential beneficial effects of ondansetron, compared with placebo or no intervention, in treating vomiting during acute gastroenteritis in children. METHODS: The following electronic databases were searched through August 2006: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and The Cochrane Library; additional references were obtained from reviewed articles. Only randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) were included. RESULTS: Four RCTs involving 490 patients with vomiting during acute gastroenteritis were included. Combined data from three RCTs (n = 466) showed that ondansetron compared with the control significantly increased the chance for vomiting cessation soon after drug administration [relative risk (RR): 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-1.5, number needed to treat (NNT): 5, 95% CI: 4-8], but this effect was not observed at 24 h (three RCTs, n = 144, RR 1.2, 95% CI: 0.9-1.7). Ondansetron significantly reduced the risk of intravenous rehydration (two RCTs, n = 359, RR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3-0.7, NNT 7, 95% CI: 5-14). Outcome measures not significantly different after ondansetron treatment were the need for hospitalization and return emergency department visits. CONCLUSIONS: Despite some clinical benefits, there is insufficient evidence to recommend the routine use of ondansetron for vomiting during acute gastroenteritis in children.|Antiemetics/*therapeutic use[MESH]|Child[MESH]|Child, Preschool[MESH]|Gastroenteritis/complications/*drug therapy[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Infant[MESH]|Ondansetron/*therapeutic use[MESH]|Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic[MESH]|Vomiting/*drug therapy/etiology[MESH] |