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lüll Carotenoids as protection against sarcopenia in older adults Semba RD; Lauretani F; Ferrucci LArch Biochem Biophys 2007[Feb]; 458 (2): 141-5Sarcopenia, or loss of muscle mass and strength, plays a major role in the disablement process in older adults and increases the risk of impaired physical performance, falls, physical disability, frailty, and death. Oxidative stress is a major mechanism implicated in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia; aging muscle shows increased oxidative damage to DNA, protein, and lipids. Carotenoids quench free radicals, reduce damage from reactive oxygen species, and appear to modulate redox-sensitive transcription factors such as NF-kappaB that are involved in the upregulation of IL-6 and other proinflammatory cytokines. Recent epidemiological studies in community-dwelling older adults show that low serum/plasma carotenoids are independently associated with low skeletal muscle strength and the development of walking disability. These observations are consistent with a growing number of studies showing that a diet with high intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of inflammation, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mortality.|Adult[MESH]|Aged[MESH]|Carotenoids/administration & dosage/blood/*metabolism[MESH]|Cytokines/metabolism[MESH]|Diet[MESH]|Fruit[MESH]|Humans[MESH]|Inflammation/metabolism[MESH]|Mobility Limitation[MESH]|Muscle Strength[MESH]|Muscle, Skeletal/physiology/physiopathology[MESH]|Muscular Atrophy/epidemiology/metabolism/*prevention & control[MESH]|Muscular Diseases/epidemiology/metabolism/*prevention & control[MESH]|Oxidative Stress[MESH]|Vegetables[MESH] |